barren unproductive, infertile, sterile, desolate
benefit something positive or advantageous
berate to scold
bestow to give something as a gift
boast to brag or talk with excessive pride
bombardment an attack by dropping explosive devices
bond tie, link, connection, attachment
boon benefit, blessing, gain
boost to help raise or increase something
boycott veto, shunning, rejection
brash rude and tactless
brief short (in terms of time)
brusque abrupt to the point of rudeness
calibrate to carefully assess, set, or adjust
candid frank, outspoken, honest
capacity the amount something can hold; ability
 |
| TOEFL vocab |
captivate to attract, charm, fascinate
catastrophic disastrous, ruinous, destructive
cause to result in, trigger, engender, lead
cease to stop
ceaseless continual, constant, lasting, eternal
censure to express strong disapproval
challenge to enter into competition, confront, question
champion to support the cause of or defend
chaotic confused, disordered, disrupted
chronological arranged in order of time or date
circumstance situation
clarify to make clear, to remove confusion
classification categorization, grouping
clear comprehensible, easy to understand, simple and straightforward
cluster group, aggregate, collection, clump
coalesce to combine or grow together
coerce to force someone to do something against their will
cognitive intelligent, perceiving, perceptible, thinking
cohesion uniting; becoming one
coincide to occur at the same time
coincidence concurrence of events, accident
conjunction combination, concurrence, association
collapse to fall down or break down
collide to hit one another with a forceful impact
 |
| TOEFL vocab |
colossal huge, massive, gigantic, tremendous
combine to unite, integrate, fuse
comment remark, observation, statement
commit carry out, perform, execute
commitment dedication to a cause or activity
commodity raw material or product that can be bought and sold
commonly usually, generally, normally, typically
community a group of people who live or work together
comparable similar, corresponding, alike, analogous
comparison contrast, differentiation
comparative relative
compatible corresponding, fit, cooperative, harmonious
compelling not boring at all, irresistible or captivating, persuasive, convincing
compensate to give (someone) something in recognition of loss; pay (someone) for work performed; act so as to neutralize
compensation reward, payment, settlement
complex complicated, involved, intricate
component a part or element of a larger whole
compound to make more intense, deepen, heighten, intensify
comprehend to understand, grasp, perceive
compulsory obligatory, mandatory, required, necessary
 |
| TOEFL Vocab |
conceal to hide
concentrate to focus, zero in on
concept an idea
concur to agree
concrete physical, tangible, firm
conduct performance, demeanor, ways, manners
confine to restrict, limit, constrain
conflict an argument, disagreement or fight
confirm affirm, reaffirm, corroborate
conscious aware, awake, alert
consent agreement, accord, permission, authorization
consequence effect, result, outcome
consequently therefore, hence, so, thus
considerable important enough to get special notice
considerably significantly noticeably
considerate thoughtful, attentive
 |
| TOEFL vocab |
consist to be made of
constant unchanging
constantly steadily, continually, incessantly
constrain to restrict or repress
construct to build, erect, establish
consume to eat, use
contact to communicate with (someone), to get in touch, to touch
contemplate to consider thoughtfully
contention dispute, disagreement, discord
context circumstances, conditions, surroundings
continuously to go on without stopping
contour shape, outline, delineation, silhouette
contradict to give the opposite opinion
contrarily conversely, in contrast, unlike
contrast difference, dissimilarity
contribute to give something to a cause
controversial disputable, arguable, contentious